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Only a few Americans seem to have realized that the peace and security of the United States were being endangered every time Japan seized a slice of its neighbors’ territory. Also: Japan: People: By occupation: Academics / Non-fiction writers: Historians. No Japanese planner could have dreamed of an aerial supply line of such magnitude in such difficult conditions. Beyond this second group are authors of general textbooks and articles and, still further out, journalists and other pop-ular writers. More than seventy years after the end of World War II, the decision to drop the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki remains controversial.Historians and the public continue to debate if the bombings were justified, the causes of Japan's surrender, the casualties that would have resulted if the U.S. had invaded Japan, and more. The Japanese knew what they did not know. The emperor is nominal commander in chief of the armed forces, and on military matters he receives advice only from high-ranking officers. They underestimated the deadly effect terrain and weather would have on their own soldiers. 9 years ago. When many Westerners look at Japan during World War II, they think that this era was an aberration of Japanese history, and that ideas of Zen Buddhism historically promoted peace in the region. Answer Save. The successful war with China in 1894–95 added Formosa and the nearby Pescadores islands to the Japanese Empire. Among the basic reasons why they lost, the US had resources and industrial capacity that were both many, many times greater than Japan had or could hope to have. The Japanese estimated that there were two or three infantry companies at Milne Bay on New Guinea, so they landed 1,500 men against 9,458 Australians and Americans. But these beliefs and ideals of the Japanese people have made it easy for them to be led into war. The most serious long-term strategic failure was Japan’s complete inability to understand its own industrial weakness and the overwhelming industrial power of its enemies. Why Did Japan Choose War? Can Japan Get In Step With A Peaceable World? Could the United States Have Avoided a Showdown? The Japanese completely missed the timing of the Guadalcanal landing. In 1894-1895, Japan defeated China in a short war and gained control of the island. The chief result was greater power for the supreme command. On December 8, President Roosevelt asked Congress to declare war against Japan. Should Japan Pay Damages? It merely made use of beliefs that the Japanese have held in a rather passive way for centuries. Japan had the best army, navy, and air force in the Far East. They considered it inconceivable that the landing was anything more than a reconnaissance. Underestimating the enemy continued in the Philippines where Japanese army officers estimated the strength of General Douglas MacArthur’s 1942 Bataan army at 25,000 men when there were actually 80,000 on the peninsula. So the army or the navy can prevent the formation of any cabinet that is not acceptable to them merely by refusing to fill these positions. The Navy’s gross underestimation of the U.S. Navy just before Midway was a contributing factor to its disastrous defeat there. Their estimates of U.S. aircraft production through the end of 1943 were almost exactly in line with actual production. Did Japan Have to Go to War for Economic Reasons? On that basis, they started a war they could not fail to lose, and the same process delayed them finally grasping that they had lost. Wilson rejected Japan's claim to German concessions in Shantung, home of Confucius, which Japan had captured at a price in blood. They knew that they must strike soon, or give up forever their dream of conquest. 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They missed the timing and underestimated the strength of the August 1945 Soviet invasion of Manchuria. The all too human desire to possess their neighbors’ property was thus elevated to a patriotic and religious duty. By the end of World War Two, Japan had endured 14 years of war, and lay in ruins - with over three million dead. Economic resources were at a low ebb; this was the chief weakness. Their faith in the government was shaken by the evidence of bribery, graft, and corruption in the chief political parties, and by deals between politicians and big business to the disadvantage of the mass of the people. Should we trace it back to the 1940s when President Harry Truman authorized U.S. financial support of the French war in Indochina? One big naval battle with the U.S. Pacific Fleet, early in the war, and Japan would emerge victorious. Why Japan chose a Sunday of all days actually coincides with why many businesses were closed on the seventh day of the week. For a brief period after the first World War there were indications that it was on the road to establishing representative government and was following the lead of Western nations in carrying out some badly needed social and political reforms. The USA entered the war on the Allies side. What Should We Do When Japan Has Been Defeated? Concurrently, the Japanese woefully underestimated the length of time it would take the Allies to launch counteroffensives. They do not protest against military actions or interfere with those who choose to serve in the armed forces. Unfortunately for … Three days later, Germany and Italy, allied with Japan, declared war on the United States. Their own rather vague political philosophy was not unlike Hitler’s National Socialism. Not plan for or want popular government one hundred years after the attack, the Soviets launched victorious! In Secondary Schools in modern times reveal dozens of similar warnings of their Eastern possessions China, officers... 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