classification of fracture slideshare

Closed Fractures • Fracture is not exposed to the environment • All fractures have some degree of soft tissue injury • Don’t underestimate the soft tissue injury as this affects treatment and outcome! 1948 – Lauge-Hansen published his first definitive review on ankle fractures and an analytical review on the history of ankle fractures used as the basis of his future experimental, roentgenologic and clinical investigation. A symptomatic tooth may have pain of periodontal and/or pulpal origin. An overview of classification of dental trauma Flaps come in many different shapes and forms. Nursing Cheat Sheet. less than 4o% of the core is discoloured). The lumbar spine is the part of the spine located in the lower back and is an often seen source of pain in physiotherapy. The AOCMF craniomaxillofacial fracture classification system was developed as a hierarchical three-level system with increasing level of complexity and details. Six months following surgery, she denies shoulder pain, but she is unable to actively raise her hand above her shoulder. Types of Bone Fractures PowerPoint Presentation ... Type 3B: >10cm wound and high-energy, but with inadequate soft tissue coverage. According to Lauge Hansen the oblique fibular fracture indicates that this is a Supination Exorotation injury stage 2 or higher. • 1.6% of all visits to any physician are fracture related. 2. Fractures It is seen in 75-100% of patients with anterior instability. This is a greenstick fracture of the skull, it occurs in the first few months of life when the skull bones are still soft. Fractures Neck of femur (NOF) fractures typically occur in the elderly, with a predominance for women (4:1). Bone Fracture. Fracture Classification VARNES´ CLASSIFICATION OF SLOPE MOVEMENTS Fallsare abrupt movements of masses of geologic materials, such as rocks and boulders, that become detached from steep slopes or cliffs. Most commonly fractures occur in the setting of a normal bone with acute overwhelming force, usually in the setting of trauma. Type 3A: >10cm wound and high-energy, but with adequate soft tissue coverage. CLASSIFICATION Classification for tibial shaft fractures [Orthopaedic Trauma Association (OTA)] Type A fractures are unifocal and the subdivision into groups is based on the orientation of the fracture line and the presence or absence of a fibula fracture. Monteggia fracture-dislocations Bado classification of fractures of the proximal ulna: I = with anterior radial dislocation II = with posterior radial dislocation III = with lateral radial dislocation IV = with anterior radial dislocation and fracture Greenspan 1992 5-74p.TIF The various types of adult proximal femoral fractures require different treatment strategies that depend on a variety of considerations, including the location, morphologic features, injury mechanism, and stability of the fracture, as well as the … Fractures of the forearm! Rene Le Fort's seminal classification system for maxillary fractures has been the standard for over 100 years. Transverse Fracture. Classification of Fracture:- A. Morphologically :-. Classification. Classification of Bone Defects: An Extension of the Orthopaedic Trauma Association Open Fracture Classification J Orthop Trauma. (A: Courtesy of Diane Koshimune, DPM, Pomona, CA.) The history and physical examination remain the primary means of diagnosing this injury. Oblique Fracture: the break has a curved or sloped pattern. Classification: Description: Notes: Supination External Rotation: Most common mechanism (40-70% of all fractures) 1: Anterior tibiofibular ligament rupture: Lateral malleolar soft tissue swelling. Classification AO/OTA F. emur – 3 Distal portion – 3 Extra-articular – A Partial Articular – B ... fixation outside of laterally or medially based plates Double Density on AP Fracture line on lateral or oblique film Quantify on CT . particularly useful for proximal 1/3 tibial shaft fractures. Classification The fracture is classified according to Weber as a type B fracture. The Gustilo-Anderson classification can be used to classify open fractures. union rates >80% for closed tibia fractures treated with nailing. The nature of that pain is often the first clue in determining the etiology of such a … For more information, you can read a more in-depth reference articles: 1 Within the midface (level 1 code 92), the level 2 system describes the location of the fractures within the defined regions in the central and lateral midface including the internal orbit. Closed fracture (simple fracture) is one that does not cause a break in the skin. • 16% of all fracture care is handled by family physicians. Type I. Description: ... Fracture Dinner Fork Deformity 20th Century Classification based on radiographs of fractures Many developed Problems Radiographic quality ... Factors The Soft ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation. ation for deter. It is above or at the level of the coracoid in the first 18 mm of the proximal humeral head. It is caused after falls when the skull hits the edge of a blunt structure as the edge of a table. Beyond dispute, fractures of the mandibular condylar process are considered to be most frequent among the different fracture locations of the mandible, with incidences reported between 17.5 and 50%. Stable type A1 fractures accounted for 34.7% of the total. Salter-Harris type II fracture Type II fracture is when there is a fracture across the physis which extends into the metaphysis The Winquist classification of femoral shaft fractures is based on fracture comminution and was proposed by Winquist in 1980.This classification is used with regards to management decision making, in determining whether a fracture requires an intramedullary nail or … B. • 70% of all fracture care by Orthopedist Fracture Management for Primary Care, 2nd Edition, 2003 in growing bones is thicker and stronger than in adult bones, which is why children are more prone to more incomplete fractures, such as … Diagnosis is made with forearm and elbow radiographs to check for congruency of the radiocapitellar joint in the setting of an ulna fracture. Most commonly used classification is Jakob. periosteum. This classification scheme provides a robust guide to bone defect assessment that can potentially facilitate selection of the most appropriate treatment strategy to optimize clinical outcomes. Falls are Fracture through the inferomedial orbital rim suggests injury to both the medial canthal ligament and lacrimal apparatus. An open fracture (compound, or complex, fracture) is one in which the skin or mucous membrane wound extends to the fractured bone. 2. 8-12 years B. The cervical spine is a dynamic structure tasked with protecting nervous innervation to the entire body while also maintaining a range of motion for the head and neck. Treatment can be nonoperative or operative depending on location of fracture, fracture morphology, and association with other ipsilateral injuries. Spiral Fracture: one part of the bone has been twisted at the break point. 4 Fractures and healing 25 5 Fractures—principles of management 32 6 Complications of fractures 44 7 Major trauma 49 8 Congenital and developmental conditions 52 9 Generalized orthopaedic conditions 66 10 Infl ammatory conditions 74 11 Degenerative conditions 87 12 Neoplastic conditions of bone and soft tissue 92 Contents 13 Infections 100 10.1055/b-0034-85578 2.2 Fracture classification Principles of Müller AO/OTA Classification of Fractures-Long Bones Describing fracture morphology Conclusion Classification terminology Further reading Author James Kellam 2.2 Fracture classification Fracture classifications have multiple purposes. B: Intra-articular fracture (type II). II—complete fracture, but minimally displaced (2–4 mm). Fractures of the clavicle are relatively common injuries that can occur in patients of all ages. A: Minimally displaced Jones fracture, medial oblique view (type I). Separation occurs along discontinuities such as fractures, joints, and bedding planes, and movement occurs by free-fall, bouncing, and rolling. This type is managed by a bonded resin restoration or by crowning it, and its prognosis is good unless accompanied by a luxation injury. Number of … Classification There are several classifications of lateral facial fractures, the Henderson classifi-cation is the most useful. They can be differentiated by the presenting signs and symptoms of the individual and diagnosed through a CT scan. Type 1: <1cm wound and clean. (OBQ06.110) A 69-year-old woman falls while getting out of her car and lands on her right shoulder sustaining a 4-part proximal humerus fracture. Fracture of the petrous temporal bone is usually classified according to the main orientation of the fracture plane and/or involvement of the otic capsule. Orbital fractures Craniostenosis Plagiocephaly (early fusion of coronal suture), picture similar to IVth nerve paresis Most common types of strabismus in children Monofixation syndrome Craniostenosis rare Pattern strabismus Orbital fractures rare Intermittent exotropia Orbital pattern strabismus (+/- 3 times less frequent and 6 times Lateral tibial plateau fracture classification - La barrette de extremum sont plein à événement populaires parmi le amalgame. Pa School. Type I. Radiology. A fracture is a discontinuity in a bone (or cartilage) resulting from mechanical forces that exceed the bone's ability to withstand them. Skin wounds.Classification 1. The Elevator and Depressor Muscles act in the same direction and this causes the bones on either sides of the fracture line to move away from each other which causes unnecessary movements and … Naso-ethmoid-orbital fractures: classification and role of primary bone grafting. fractures is the crown fracture without pulp involvement, which is known as Ellis Class II (Figure 3) & involving enamel & dentin only. 34. Basically, the growth plate has five different zones and each one has different strength. CLASSIFICATION Based on relationship with the environment 1. 1949 – Robert Danis published ‘Théorie et pratique de l’ostéosynthèse‘ providing early basis to classification Salter-Harris type I fracture Type I fracture is when there is a fracture across the physis with no metaphysial or epiphysial injury 20. Medical. C: Avulsion of tip of tuberosity (type III). Type I fractures occur lateral to the CC ligaments but spare the AC joint. Henderson Classification Description Type 1 Undisplaced Type 2 Zygomatic arch Type 3 Tripod fracture — Intact FZ suture Type 4 Tripod fracture — Distracted FZ suture Type 5 Associated orbital floor fracture This system was developed through direct observation, and incorporates what Le Fort described as “great weak lines” in the craniofacial skeleton [].Le Fort found three basic patterns of maxillary fracture lines: transverse, pyramidal … Oblique Fracture A fracture in which the # line is at oblique angle to the long axis of the bone. Its diagnosis is based on the classification criteria that involve four parameters … This is a summary article. Open fractures are graded according to the following criteria: • Grade I is a clean wound less than 1 cm long. SIMON’S CLASSIFICATION (1926) • In Simon’s classification system, the dental arches are related to three anthropologic planes. A new classification scheme for open fractures. 4-5 years C. 1 … Incomplete fracture • The bone is incompletely divided and the periosteum remains in continuity • Greenstick fracture : bone is buckled or bent – Mainly seen in children, because of their springy bones – Plastically deformed bones • Compressed fracture: crumpled cancellous bone – Seen in adults, mainly in vertebral bodies, calcaneum and tibial plateu Depressed fracture: This # occurs in the skull where a segment of bone gets depressed into the cranium. It is situated in between the thoracic and the sacral part of the spine and it is characterised by lordose. A Monteggia fracture is defined as a proximal 1/3 ulna fracture with an associated radial head dislocation. Mandibular fractures have traditionally occurred at twice the prevalence of facial fractures, but this ratio has been decreasing with the increasing prevalence of high-speed auto accidents. The resulting metaphyseal fragment is called the Thurston-Holland fragment (*). Plast Reconstr Surg. Nancy. Different types of bone fractures can be open, closed, stable, displaced, partial, or complete. Type B fractures are wedge fractures and are subdivided into spiral bending or fragmented Classification GROUP I – Middle third fractures (80%) GROUP II – Distal third fractures (15%) Type I – Minimally displaced / interligamentous Type II – Displaced fractures, fracture medial to the coracoclavicular ligaments IIA – Both ligaments (conoid and The 1989 workshop recognized that periodontitis had several distinct clinical presentations, different ages of onset and rates of progression. The classification of Le Fort fractures is based on the plane of injury: type I is a horizontal injury, type II is a pyramidal injury, and type III is a very extensive transverse injury that often results in a craniofacial dislocation. 2. They range from simple advancements of skin to composites of many different types of tissue. The interrelationship between periodontal and endodontic disease has always aroused confusion, queries, and controversy. 3. Diaphyseal Fractures • Type A – Simple fractures with two fragments • Type B – Wedge fractures – After reduced, length and alignment restored • Type C – Complex fractures with no contact between main fragments History of the Lauge-Hansen classification. Humeral shaft fractures are common fractures of the diaphysis of the humerus, which may be associated with radial nerve injury. There are many types of fractures, but the main categories are displaced, non-displaced, open, and closed. Displaced and non-displaced fractures refer to the alignment of the fractured bone. On MR a Hill-Sachs defect is seen at or above the level of the coracoid process. These fractures can also occur intraoperatively during femoral instrumentation. Critical to diagnosis is the assessment of the stability of the femoral stem and the hip joint. Title: Salter Harris Fracture Classification Author: Melissa Harris Last modified by: Melissa Harris Created Date: 3/26/2007 6:34:07 PM Document presentation format – A free PowerPoint PPT presentation (displayed as a Flash slide show) on PowerShow.com - id: 53e34f-NWRkZ • Uni malleolar fractures are the most common (68%), followed by bi malleolar fractures (25%) and tri malleolar fractures (7%). sufering from caries or periodontal diseases. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic chronic inflammatory disease of unclear etiology that is manifested in by a progressive and destructive polyarthritis in association with serological evidence of autoreactivity. Orthopaedic Trauma Association: Open Fracture Study Group. They should facilitate communication among … Complicated fractures: On the other hand there is the 12. 4. Ils peuvent essence installés comme des plafonds hauts ou bas. grade 1: clean wound <1 cm in length; grade 2: wound 1-10 cm in length without extensive soft-tissue damage, flaps or avulsions; grade 3: extensive soft-tissue laceration (>10 cm) or tissue loss/damage or an open segmental fracture. However, they can occur in young patients as a result of high-energy trauma. In 2011, approximately 80,000 hip fractures were treated in the United Kingdom. Skeletal and dental classification of malocclusion has an important role in diagnosis and treatment planning. Grade I Open Fracture A grade I open fracture occurs when there is a skin wound that communicates with the fracture measuring less than one centimeter. Traumatic 2. fractures is the crown fracture without pulp involvement, which is known as Ellis Class I—nondisplaced with intact articular cartilage hinge. 2. (AVN), fracture nonunion or malunion, or fixation hardware failure. Fracture Classification. Diagnosis can be suspected with a distal radius fracture with widening of the radioulnar joint on AP wrist radiographs and volar/dorsal subluxation of the radioulnar joint on lateral wrist radiographs. Problems in the management of type III (severe) open fractures: a new classification of type III open fractures. Types of Bone Fractures. Type A fractures were found in 66.1%, type B in 14.5%, and type C in 19.4% of the cases. Classification. Lateral condyle fractures. Fracture distribution 8 tibia 18 diaphyseal radius & ulna 14 distal radius & ulna ... fibula 18 radius & ulna 2 Monteggia fracture/dislocations ... – A free PowerPoint PPT presentation (displayed as a Flash slide show) on PowerShow.com - id: 414161-MjkxO Nursing Notes. A flap is a unit of tissue that is transferred from one site (donor site) to another (recipient site) while maintaining its own blood supply. 2 1985; 75(3):303-317. Fractures of the cervical spine are a leading cause of mobility and mortality in trauma patients, and a bone fracture is associated with 56% of cervical spinal cord injuries. b. She subsequently undergoes surgery to treat the fracture, with immediate postoperative radiographs shown in Figure A. The fracture generally occurs at the weakest zones. The complex shape of the vertebrae, along with the interaction of central nervous system, the relatively specialized structures of the intervertebral disks and the associated vertebral ligaments has made the description and classification of Classification Description Tissues involved S.O.25 Fracture of tooth (primary and secondary teeth) S.02.50 Fracture of enamel of tooth only+ Enamel infraction Enamel S.02.51 Fracture of crown of tooth without pulpal involvement Enamel, Dentin INTRODUCTION Fractures of the frontal bone occur among 2 to 15% of patients with facial fractures. Fractures are stained or discoloured and may contain a thin filling of altered material. D: Comminuted fracture with intra-articular extension. Comminuted fracture. Different Classifications of Fractures & Brief Management of Compound (Open) Fractures. • Risk for Nonunion Due to Intra-articular Nature of Fracture • Risk for Delayed Union and Late Displacement • Abbott et al (POSNA 2015) –42 Pediatric Medial Malleolus Fractures with > 3 Months Follow-Up –52% Developed a Physeal Bar –SH Classification and Amount of Displacement not Predictive of Bar A galeazzi fracture is a distal 1/3 radial shaft fracture with an associated distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) injury. In this article, we review the normal anatomy and biomechanics of the hip and discuss adult proximal femoral fractures in terms of Musculoskeletal System. 1984 Aug. 24 (8):742-6. . Emergency Medicine. Direct Violence:- … Transverse fractures are breaks that are in a straight line across the bone. Comminuted- When bone is broken into more then two... B. Etiologically:-. Sports Therapy. Pathologic Fracture: caused by a disease that weakens the bones. Gustilo-Anderson classification. The categories include:Closed or open fractures: If the injury doesn't break open the skin, it's called a closed fracture. ...Complete fractures: The break goes completely through the bone, separating it in two.Displaced fractures: A gap forms where the bone breaks. ...Partial fractures: The break doesn't go all the way through the bone.More items... outcomes. Transverse Fracture: the broken piece of bone is at a right angle to the bone’s axis. Fractures can also occur, however, in a variety of other settings. Cracked pot fracture. Occupational Therapist. She subsequently undergoes surgery to treat the fracture, with immediate postoperative radiographs shown in Figure A. As the fracture can sometimes involve the ossicles, inner ear and facial nerve, symptoms such as hearing loss, vertigo, balance disturbance, or facial paralysis may be present. Orthodontic dental classification used is dated more than 100 years ago. University pretoria electronic theses dissertations slideshare fracture study on Case, good essays on energy conservation essay of your best friend essay on the topic swachh bharat in english, future police officer essay, basic outline for writing a research paper the major difference between a persuasive essay and an argumentative essay. Summary. Trochanteric fractures can occur because of a direct impact or avulsion type injuries. This type of fracture may be caused by traumatic events like falls or automobile accidents. Diagnosis is made with orthogonal radiographs of the humerus. Neer 5,11 and later, Craig, 12 classified distal third clavicle fractures into three types based on the relationship of the fracture line to the CC ligaments and AC joint . The uploader spent his/her valuable … Its fracture can cause devastating complications because of its close proximity to the brain, eyes, and nose. Monteggia Fractures. The medial and lateral canthal ligaments support the globe and keep the eyelid apposed to it. Can also occur intraoperatively during femoral instrumentation fracture spacing ( i.e the Thurston-Holland fragment ( * ) to... Frankfort horizontal plane or eye-ear-plane presentations, different ages of onset and rates progression. Disease that weakens the bones system for maxillary fractures has been twisted at the level of the petrous temporal is! Oblique fibular fracture indicates that this is a Supination Exorotation injury stage 2 or higher by Danis and Weber! Time to weight-bearing, and closed automobile accidents main categories are displaced, non-displaced, open, closed stable! The femur shaft Winquist & Hansen - Everything You Need to Know - Nabil... Between the thoracic and the hip joint by family physicians originally developed by Danis and later Weber its close to..., they can occur in young patients as a type B fracture > bone fracture to. May have pain of periodontal and/or pulpal origin the classification of fracture slideshare common malleolar classification is the of! The way through the bone.More items but the main orientation of the individual and through. Between a periodontal and an endodontic problem can be difficult ( 4:1 ) the lumbar spine is part! Up to 20 % of all fracture care is handled by family physicians: an Extension the. 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Of progression severe ) open fractures < /a > 2 hip joint the presenting signs and symptoms of fracture. Is situated in between the thoracic and the sacral part of the stability of bone!: • Grade I is a Supination Exorotation injury stage 2 or higher automobile....: - treated with nailing: caused by traumatic events like falls or automobile accidents, dental... Need to Know - Dr. Nabil Ebraheim line across the bone coracoid in the skin cause break. Spiral fracture: caused by a disease that weakens the bones than 4o % of total. But the main orientation of the # line is at a right angle to the ’! The plane of the diaphysis of the spine located in the Management of type III fracture enters in plane. Oblique view ( type III ( severe ) open fractures are breaks that in! Depending on location of fracture may be caused by traumatic events like falls automobile. Fractures were treated in the setting of a table problems in the of. One has different strength main categories are displaced, non-displaced, open, and nose: • Grade is. Horizontal plane or eye-ear-plane radiographs to check for congruency of the individual and through. Called the Thurston-Holland fragment ( * ) and rolling to Know - Dr. Nabil Ebraheim that weakens the.., medial oblique view ( type I ) the total axis of the of. Are in a straight line across the bone ’ s classification ( 1926 ) in! A right angle to the CC ligaments but spare the AC joint in!: //oralmaxillo-facialsurgery.blogspot.com/2010/05/flaps-classification.html '' > classification < /a > classification < /a > 2 I is clean! > types of bone fractures can involve a twisting mechanism with a predominance for women ( )... > Flap Definition, history, and closed ages of onset and rates of progression can... And rolling, stable, displaced, Partial, or complete and decreased time to union compared casting. 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Through the inferomedial orbital rim suggests injury to both the medial canthal ligament and apparatus! Fracture indicates that this is a clean wound less than 1 cm long within _ without.!

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